I encountered this for the first time today while attempting to read something on archive.today.
I confirmed that decoding the qrcode using a computer and following the URL it contains is insufficient; the error it gave directed me here which is what the linked screenshot is of.
The old type of captcha remains available too, for now:
OC writeup by @cypherpunks@lemmy.ml
Remember, not everyone is as tech savvy as us Lemmings.
For some of them, who mainly use their phones for Facebook or whatever, if they go to log into a website, it pops up a QR code, they’d scan it, install whatever potentially malicious software it told them to, then give it whatever access it wanted. Boom, compromised phone.